Ragana can appear as a beautiful woman, a frightening creature or even an animal. The symbols [ ] enclose the author's name and a page number for a reference cited from the following books: [Ahsian, pp.] Its not quite as popular). The Livonian Rhymed Chronicle, which covers the period 1180 1343, contains records about ethical codex of the Lithuanians and the Baltic people. She inspires bravery and courage for those who risk everything for love. Folktales, and folk songs in particular, remain a very important part of Latvian and Lithuanian culture and literature today. I'm Glenn. Egl only discovers the betrayal days later, when she speaks the chant, and finds nothing but bloody foam. Beginning in the 16th century, the pagan religion received more attention from authors, but often their accounts were confused, contradictory, and heavily influenced by various religious agendas. For more information, read Polonization of Lithuanian Names in the Birth, Marriage, and Death Registers of Lithuanian Roman Catholic Churches. Because of such difficulties obtaining data, there is no accepted list of Lithuanian gods. Banionis The author also mentioned that Lithuanians, Yotwingians and Nalsenians embraced Christianity quite easily, since their childhood nuns were usually Christian, but Christianity in Samogitia was introduced only with a sword. After a few generations, these names became hereditary and were passed on from generation to generation. Surviving information about Baltic mythology in general is fragmented. Nature is often described in terms of the human family; in one central example (found in many songs and stories), the sun is called the mother, the moon the father, and stars the sisters of human beings. Known by a whole host of names, the Aitvaras is a nature spirit in Baltic mythology. [41], Laima (from Lithuanian: lemti 'to destine') or Laim is the destiny-giver goddess. Lithuanian mythology is very close to the mythology of other Baltic nations Prussians, Latvians, and is considered a part of Baltic mythology. 2. Much like Zeus (from Greek mythology), the bearded Prkons wields an ax and rides a chariot, bringing lightning and rain to the earth below him. It originates from the Hebrew name Noah. The interest in Baltic and Lithuanian mythology was growing along with interest in Lithuanian language among Indo-Europeanists, since the conservative and native Baltic nations preserved very archaic language and cultural traditions. From Lithuanian jra meaning "sea". You can read more about given names here. The name Dievas is being used in Christianity as the name of God. Worse, he chains the goddess to the ruins, leaving her there to mourn her loss for eternity. Holy groves were considered not holy in itself, but as a home of gods. Saul, the Sun (Surya in Hinduism). or 4 interest-free payments on orders over $100 with . The Baltic goddess of fate and destiny, Laima determines the length of your life and the life span of all things. While others are unique to the area. without associated rituals. Matergabiae Household goddess. As with most ancient Indo-European cultures (e.g. [50]:226, Legends (padavimai, sakms) are a short stories explaining the local names, appearance of the lakes and rivers, other notable places like mounds or big stones. In this work, Stryjkowski provided two lists of gods, one Old Prussian and another Lithuanian. Origin: Lithuanian Estera Meaning: Star Origin: Lithuanian Gabija Meaning: Refers to hide or protect Origin: Lithuanian Galiza Meaning: Goddess of fire Origin: Lithuanian Goca Meaning: Dignified one or proud Origin: South Slavic Janina Meaning: God is gracious Origin: Polish Karolina Meaning: Feminine Origin: Lithuanian Kamile Meaning: Sacrifice It means faithful, wise, auspicious, benevolent, and honored. It contains mentionings about Prussian religion and the center of Baltic religion Romuva, where lives Kriwe-Kriwajto as a powerful priest who was held in high regard by the Prussians, Lithuanians, and Balts of Livonia. Lithuania became Christianized between the end of the 14th century and the beginning of the 15th century, but Lithuanian polytheism survived for another two centuries, gradually losing influence and coherence as a religion. As old as his brother, he is the god of primordial chaos and destruction. Mnuo, Mnulis God of the moon. Polonization of Lithuanian Names in the Birth, Marriage, and Death Registers of Lithuanian Roman Catholic Churches. In 11th century Adam of Bremen mentioned Prussians, living in Sambia and their holy groves. [35] Martynas Mavydas in 1547 in his Catechism urged to abandon cult of empatis. For example, the song recorded by L. Rza - Mnuo saulu ved (Moon Married the Sun) reflects beliefs that L. Rza stated were still alive at the moment of recording.[9]. Benas m Lithuanian Short form of Benediktas or Benjaminas. The usage of personal names in Lithuania is generally governed (in addition to personal taste or family custom) by three major factors: civil law, canon law, and tradition. or 4 interest-free payments of $17.25 with. [53] Jerome of Prague was an ardent missionary in Lithuania, leading the chopping of the holy groves and desecration of Lithuanian sacred heathen places. Boy. Before record keeping began, most people had only one name, such as Jonas. Jrat decides to punish him, but when she sees the young mortal man, she falls instantly in love. As well as modern names, parents can choose a name or names for their child from a long list of traditional names; these include: Christian names, i.e. Immigrants often changed their surnames to sound more American. It relates to Thracian Zemele (mother earth), Greek Semel (). The name of the goddess Ognyena means "fierce" or "a woman on fire" and she has been described as the goddess of celestial fire and the . Water was considered a primary element - legends describing the creation of the world, usually state that "at first there was nothing but water". [55], Grulo Ratai (also Grigo Ratai, Perkno Ratai, Veimas) (Ursa Major) was imagined as a carriage for the Sun which was travelling through the sky, Maieji Grulo Ratai (Ursa Minor) a carriage for the daughter of Sun. He is the god of order and fertility (uncommon for male gods), and is one of the most popular deities in the Baltic. When she gets out and puts on her clothes, she finds a grass snake in the sleeve of her blouse. Indigenous Religions This page has been viewed 8,193 times (0 via redirect). Theyre very talented with housework and have particularly large breasts (a bit of wish fulfillment slipping in there, Id say), making terrific wives for those young men lucky enough to marry one. Amber honors Jurate, the Lithuanian Goddess of the Sea, known for her Amber palace beneath the Baltic Sea and her story of tragic love. Martynas Mavydas in his Latin introduction to Catechismusa Prasty Szadei (1547) urged the people to abandon their pagan ways and mentioned the following gods:[3][4], Maciej Stryjkowski (15471593) PolishLithuanian historian and author of Chronicle of Poland, Lithuania, Samogitia and all Russia. 14. Additional sources are listed in the FamilySearch Catalog: Latinization and Polonization of Lithuanian Names, Surname Changes of Immigrants in the United States, Lietuviu Pavardes: Online Surname Dictionary, Forms of Lithuanian Surnames: convert between masculine and feminine married and single surname forms. most common tree to be struck by lightning, Local folktales and legends around the world, Mongolian mythology | Gods & legends of the nomadic tribes, Greek desserts | 8 Incredible pastries to try in Athens. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. These are the most interesting and most well-known myths from the Baltic countries of Lithuania and Latvia. In the 9th century there is one attestation about Prussian (Aestii) funeral traditions by Wulfstan. Medeina Goddess of the forest. It was believed that in each spring the earth needs to be impregnated by Perknas - the heavens rain and thunder. The oak tree is sacred to him, as it is interestingly the most common tree to be struck by lightning! In Lithuanian tradition, emyna is the mate or wife of Perknas. L'Aurora by Guido Reni, 1614, Casino dell'Aurora Pallavicini, Rome. In Lithuanian fairy-tales recorded much later, there is very frequent opposition of kalvis ('smith') and velnias ('devil'). In: Eckert, Rainer (1999). Laima, goddess of Fate and pregnant women. Almost all authors of Renaissance - J. Dlugosz, M. Stryjkowski, J. Lasicki, M. Prtorius and others, relied not only on previous authors and chroniclers, but included facts and attestations of their time as well. Lina Lina is a name derived from the Lithuanian word "flax." It doesn't have an English form, but it is a feminine form of the word Linas. This page was last edited on 5 December 2022, at 22:18. 17. Artemis. Youll find that the brotherhood of Velnias and Dievas is interestingly similar to the Turkish god-myth of Tengri and Erlik and many others. Milda f Lithuanian, Baltic Mythology. This course gives you a kaleidoscopic overview of wrathful goddesses, introducing their diverse histories, forms, and meanings. List of Lithuanian gods and mythological figures, "Archaeologia Baltica 15:The Ditty of Sovijus (1261).The Nine Spleens of the Marvelous Boar: An Indo-European Approach to a Lithuanian Myth", "Balt religijos ir mitologijos altiniai", "Some aspects of pre-Christian Baltic religion", "Medi mitologizavimas tradicinje lietuvi kultroje", "Bangpio mitologema balt pasauliroje", "The Sacred Groves of the Balts: Lost History and Modern Research", "Paganism-Inspired Folk Music, Folk Music-Inspired Paganism, and New Cultural Fusions in Lithuania and Latvia", Christians in Late Pagan, and Pagans in Early Christian Lithuania: the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries, Balt mitologem etimologijos odynas I: Kristburgo sutartis (Etymological Dictionary of Baltic Mythologemes I: Christburg Treaty), Balt mitologem etimologijos odynas II: Sduvi knygel (Etymological Dictionary of Baltic Mythologemes II: Yatvigian Book), Senovs lietuvi dievas Perknas (Perknas - The God of Ancient Lithuanians), Lietuvi ukalbjimai: gydymo formuls / Lithuanian Verbal Healing Charms, List of Lithuanian Gods Found in Maciej Sryjkowski chonicle, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lithuanian_mythology&oldid=1131545029, The myth of god-smith Teliavelis freeing the Sun. With more than 100 different versions recorded around Lithuania, this folktale is one of the best-known in the country. We have been running this site for over two decades and still haven't finished counting the Gods. They wont betray him though, until the frightened young daughter gives in and tells them the chant. The cosmogonic myths of celestial bodies: Vaida Kamuntaviien (2015). Bit of an unfair trade, but eventually the distraught young woman accepts. Lithuanians cried its name in a battle. Mnuo, the Moon, a son of Dievas ("dievaitis"). Good luck making your decision. It means 'gift of God'. Habiba (Arabic) - "Beloved" or "sweetheart" Habibti (Arabic) - "My love" Imogen (Greek) - "Loved child" Kalila (Arabic) - "Beloved" or "dearly loved" Kamaka (Maori) - "Beloved child"; also a nature name meaning "rock" Kareena (Scandinavian) - "Beloved" Kevinne (Irish girl name) - "Beloved" Lovette (English) - "Little loved one" Like many pagan beliefs, the Baltic religion was founded around nature. The Baltic Pantheon is filled with beautiful stories and striking characters. As immigrants moved into English-speaking countries, their surnames were impacted in a variety of ways. He is also associated with the oak tree. 2. Baleckas Baleckas is a Lithuanian form of Valeska. Dovydas. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. Studies of Baltic history and mythology are growing, and will hopefully add a lot of detail and depth to what we currently know about this intriguing group of people. Jonas became Jonas the blacksmith (Kalvis), Jonas the son of Vasil (Vasiliauskas) Jonas the tall (Aukionis), or Jonas from Vilnius (Vilnikis). Another popular source of modern Lithuanian names is the supply of mythological figures from the ancient Lithuanian past: Austja from the name of the ancient Lithuanian goddess of the bees, possibly derived from austi 'to weave,' cf. In Sambia and their holy groves were considered not holy in itself, but as a of! And still have n't finished counting the gods became hereditary and were lithuanian goddess names on from generation to generation a of! These are the most interesting and most well-known myths from the Baltic goddess fate... Tradition, emyna is the mate or wife of Perknas and Latvia well-known myths from the Baltic countries of and. 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