It marked the low point in a country's trust and respect for the highest office of the land and left the nation to question its very foundation. The first report featuring the now legendary journalists came on June 19, 1972, two days after the break-ins and arrest of the conspirators (via Constitution Center ). The tapes incontrovertibly showed that he had participated in an attempt to obstruct justice from as early as six days after the Watergate burglary. The first report featuring the now legendary journalists came on June 19, 1972, two days after the break-ins and arrest of the conspirators (via Constitution Center). It was never conclusively established that this had been done by the Nixon campaign, but one of the people in the White House acknowledged to one of our reporters that he had written it. ", After Watergate, Shepard says, the two went in "completely different directions. The Truth About Woodward And Bernstein's Role In The Watergate Scandal, Howard Moore/deseret Morning News/Getty Images. On the evening of June 16, 1972, a security guard at the Watergate Hotel in Washington, D.C., discovered a piece of tape on the lock of the door that, Jaworski, Leon How did it happen? display: none; They wrote that history has shown that Watergate was even worse than we thought it was at the time: In the course of his five-and-a-half-year presidency, beginning in 1969, Nixon launched and managed five successive and overlapping wars -- against the anti-Vietnam War movement, the news media, the Democrats, the justice system and, finally, against history itself. In her interview with Pakula, Ephron tried to rehabilitate her boyfriends reputation. Alicia Shepard said, "Carl was the big thinker, and Woodward was the one that [made] sure it got done [T]hey knew that each of them had strengths that the other didn't, and they relied on one another. He has also done reporting for television and opinion commentary. When we found out who had taken it out, it was Hunt, and everybody said, What the hell is Hunt doing taking a book on Teddy Kennedy. Knopf had a first printing of 275,000 copies. Are there particular novels of his that you remember liking? He was a very well-regarded lawyer in town. Carl Bernstein (born 1944) and Robert Woodward (born 1943), investigative reporters for the Washington Post, wrote a series of articles about the Watergate scandals that led to the resignation of President Richard Nixon. Were there particular teachers or relatives? At the end of his military service, Woodward applied to Harvard Law School, and was accepted for the fall 1970 term, but he chose to pursue a career in journalism instead. He had worked in the Pentagon, and then he had worked for the Rand Corporation. The team stole top-secret documents and wiretapped the phones to listen to conversations. What did you mean by that? And whats sad about the Nixon presidency is not just the criminality and abuse of power, but the simple truth, to the best of my knowledge at this point, on those tapes no one ever says what would be good, what would be right for the country, what would be best for the country, which of course is what a president is supposed to do. How do you think your different perspectives and personalities complemented one another as you continued the Watergate investigation? } I remember going around and giving my name to lots of people, and they would say, Oh, youre Al Woodwards son. Was he the more experienced journalist at the time? For me, the still powerful memories of Watergate have been supplanted by fresher ones. It wasn't just me -- a culture was defined. One of the managing editors at the Post, Howard Simons, during Watergate this was not on a Watergate story, but I was struggling with a story early in my time at the Post and he came by, and he said, You dont have to understand a man in an afternoon. In other words, you dont have to do it in a day, and you wont achieve understanding of it in an slow down, take your time, dig, go back. Bernstein wrote in the 1996 book that the Pope's role in supporting Solidarity in his native Poland, and his geopolitical dexterity combined with enormous spiritual influence, was a principal factor in the downfall of communism in Europe.[21]. And redford was the one who shaped 'All the President's Men.' You want it to be fair. Jiri and Rakic are still injured, Ankle-Ayev and Jan just fought (and no one wants to see it again), Oezdemir/Smith are game but definitely past their prime, and then there's weirdsmobiles like Walker, Craig, Krylov, and Spann who are too hot-and-cold to truly put together a title run. To a certain extent, I always saw myself as a lawyer. Ben Bradlee: John Mitchell, Attorney General Mitchell. Nora Ephron's novel Heartburn (1983) caused a minor journalistic sensation with its fictionalized description of her divorce from Bernstein. Advertisement Pakula. Few people had heard of these journalists when they began compiling relevant facts about . Washington Post reporters Bob Woodward, left, and Carl Bernstein on March 1, 1974, Washington, D.C. That writing was actually on the wall the whole time. Do you see President Clintons impeachment related to Watergate? In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. Were there other people that inspired you? He joined the Washington Post's metropolitan staff in 1966, specializing in police, court, and city hall assignments, with occasional self-assigned feature stories. Raised in a traditional Republican household, Woodward was very well-educated and has been described as gentle. Light in August; Absalom, Absalom; The Bear, that little novella. There are still, somewhere, embarrassing, Instagram-quality pictures of me wearing a T-shirt with a picture of a reel-to-reel tape-recorder that said, "Property of the Watergate Bugging Team.". Why did this happen? Bernstein has been married three times, first to a fellow reporter at The Washington Post, Carol Honsa; then to writer and director Nora Ephron from 1976 to 1980; and since 2003 to the former model Christine Kuehbeck. He sat down with Woodward, then 32, Bernstein, then 31, their editors, their friends and the two women at the center of the reporters' lives. The reference to Woodward and Bernstein was classic Frank, too, telling Garrett to follow the money without saying so explicitly. My adolescent rites of passage and Watergate were hopelessly entangled. Bob Woodward: No. What I try to do is piece together how people make decisions. Mr. President, the media is not fake news. [20], He then began working for ABC News. Woodward has written best-selling books on the last ten presidentsNixon, Ford, Carter, Reagan, George H.W. Most of us had quite fancy security clearances in that capacity. Woodward was soon joined on the story by Bernstein, and together the two young reporters undertook a series of investigative reports that gradually revealed the connections between the burglary and a converging pattern of crimes that finally implicated President Richard M. Nixon himself, forcing his resignation in the face of otherwise certain impeachment. Carl is Jewish, grew up in the Washington, D.C. area. This was later confirmed by both Woodward and Bernstein. White bread. Bobs sucking up to people. I mean, he was no rank amateur himself. Our lawyers were telling us that and this New York judge had ruled that the statute says whoever has reason to believe that publication of certain information will threaten the national security of the United States shall be this was a civil suit, but the criminal equivalent, which they would certainly have done had they convicted us, would have put us in jail, put us all in jail, including Katharine Graham, or the possibility of it. It was very complicated, then and now. [23], Bernstein is a frequent guest and analyst on television news programs, and in 2011 wrote articles for Newsweek/The Daily Beast, comparing Rupert Murdoch's News of the World phone-hacking scandal to Watergate. Mr. Woodward, in your bookShadowyou talk about how Nixons presidency affected the presidents whove come since. By day, he circulated in the citys government offices, and pressed civil servants for every piece of information that might prove useful. The Twitter-sized version is the president had a goon squad that did all kinds of buggings and break-ins and political dirty tricks, and when those burglars with ties to the White House were busted 40 years ago, Nixon and his top aides broke the law to cover it all up. Every time the White House denied something, the evidence became clear that it was the White House that was lying. Since 2003, he has written four books on President George W. Bushs conduct of the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq: Bush at War, Plan of Attack, State of Denial and The War Within. Carl had a harder time. There was the whole intelligence-gathering apparatus. I know a lot about that story because my son was the editor at the Boston Globe who ran that investigation, and I think thats a perfect example of how newspapers can persist in the face of denials and correct wrongs. Bob Woodward: Yes. Despite this, the Nixon White House became suspicious that Felt was leaking information to the press. The young protesters were arguably unlearning the false lessons of Watergate, that meaningful social change had to come from pounding the pavement, not just from pounding a keyboard. He resigned. You dont think of them as real authorities in the question of what is classified and what isnt, and what is a threat to the United States and what isnt. Do you remember? Woodward lives in Washington, D.C., with his wife, Elsa Walsh, a writer for The New Yorker and the author of Divided Lives. It was the scandal that led to the forced resignation of the President of the United States. What the hell were they in there for? People who went to Wheaton College had to sign a pledge: no drinking, smoking, dancing, movies, playing of cards. You have kids who werent born at that time doing term papers on it at colleges and high schools. ." Perfect. ." So this was over a period of days, I take it, that it got interesting. How long had you been at the previous paper? [citation needed], Two years after leaving ABC News, Bernstein released the book Loyalties: A Son's Memoir, in which he revealed that his parents had been members of the Communist Party of America. "They couldn't be more different. Do you think being the oldest had an influence on your life? Probably one of my favorite books is All the Kings Men, Robert Penn Warrens book about political corruption in Louisiana and about a reporter who watches this and gets to participate and see, but doesnt have all of the full consequences of the action fall on him. In 2005, the mystery surrounding the identity of Watergate informant Deep Throat was ended. If you need to flag this entry as abusive. I would have been more effective.. But they grew to like one another" and are very good friends now. We talk all the time. In 1976, All the President's Men was made into a smash Hollywood movie, starring Robert Redford as Woodward and Dustin Hoffman as Bernstein, that won four Academy Awards. It turned out that he hadnt been asked, and that interested us a great deal, because if the prosecution wasnt asking him those interesting questions, that suggested that there was a reason they werent, and the reason might be that they were trying to cover it up. On the eve of the 2016 election, Woodward returned to the Watergate story one more time. We didnt allow any television people in. In The Last of the Presidents Men, Woodward told the story of Alexander Butterfield, the White House aide who disclosed the existence of President Nixons secret recording system, the revelation that ultimately led to Nixons downfall. I like what I do. But they missed decisive elements of Watergate, notably the payment of hush money to the burglars and the existence of Nixons White House tapes. Think of that! The idealized journalist of the Watergate era and beyond was wedded to the highest ethical standards and driven only by truth, not by ideology. You want to make sense out of it. It looked like I was going to become a lawyer, and my father to a certain extent was my model. ALICIA C. SHEPARD, who teaches journalism at American University, is the author of "Woodward and Bernstein: Life in the Shadow of Watergate. That we do explain enough about whats going on. Carl Bernstein, born on February 14, 1944, in Washington, D.C., began part-time work at the Washington Star at the age of 16 and later dropped out of the University of Maryland to work full-time as a reporter. Bob Woodward: Who knows whether its that? Mr. Woodward, tell us what it felt like to you personally when Nixon stepped down. George W. Bush's Iraq War, in particular, was enabled by a docile press corps and by a feckless generation of lawmakers and judges -- largely the generation that came of age when I did, during those languid Watergate summers. ", Fame, Shepard observed, "played a huge role in changing their lives forever. WASHINGTON Watching Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein on stage at the White House Correspondents' Association Dinner on Saturday night was like a Simon and Garfunkel reunion. Following the 1972 arrests, journalists Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein of The Washington Post investigated the scandal relentlessly. Without them, he likely would have served out his presidential term. What made you decide that this had to be done? I recall in that incident, I did one, he did one, and I looked at his, and I realized his was better, as was almost always the case. Bob Woodward: We would frequently do competing drafts of stories and put it together. Carl Milton Bernstein (/ b r n s t i n / BURN-steen; born February 14, 1944) is an American investigative journalist and author.While a young reporter for The Washington Post in 1972, Bernstein was teamed up with Bob Woodward, and the two did much of the original news reporting on the Watergate scandal.These scandals led to numerous government investigations and the eventual . I think in the atmosphere we are in now, somebody who would get up and propose some of the things that were done in Vietnam, like conducting the war when we didnt believe in it, or burglarizing, or wiretapping, or doing the abusive things of Watergate, I think its so ingrained that there are enough people who would stand up and say, We cant do that. Events are in no way simple or cinematic. Bob needed Carl because Carl was pushy. Hunt had been studying Ted Kennedy and checked books out of the library. His father was a judge and Woodward eventually entered the Navy after graduating from Yale. In a very different summer -- 2011 -- I had the good fortune to visit Spain with my family shortly before sending my daughter off to college. Those were second marriages. Together, they followed the story and co-wrote the best-seller, "All the President's Men.". Taylor Swift and Karlie Kloss are "still good friends", a source has insisted, despite rumours the pair might have fallen out. [7][8] Both his parents were civil-rights activists and members of the Communist Party USA in the 1940s. Bob Woodward: Sure. How does this affect me, Nixon, the president? In 1975, it was turned into a movie starring Dustin Hoffman as Bernstein and Robert Redford as Woodward which later went on to be nominated in multiple Oscar (including Best Picture nomination), Golden Globe and BAFTA categories. But she finally said, Well, okay. The greater significance of Watergate was something that was hard to grasp in 1974, but seems crystal clear now, at least to me. And it did. But their crimes unraveled in slow motion over those two years -- aided by one tough judge, a feistier Congress than we could comprehend today, and some skillful journalists, of whom Woodward and Bernstein became the most famous and best remembered. Were much better friends than we were at the time. The follow-up story was based primarily on their arraignment in court, and it was based on information given our police reporter, Al Lewis, by the cops, showing them an address book that one of the burglars had in his pocket, and in the address book was the name Hunt, H-u-n-t, and the phone number was the White House phone number, which Al Lewis and every reporter worth his salt knew. [26] Bernstein and second wife Ephron already had an infant son, Jacob, and she was pregnant with their second son, Max, in 1979 when she learned of her husband's affair with Jay. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/woodward-and-bernstein, "Woodward and Bernstein Just it was terribly, critically important that we do it right and that we not brag, not seem to be bragging, and that we didnt allow any television in there for days. 25 Feb/23. Famously portrayed by Dustin Hoffman (Bernstein) and Robert Redford (Woodward) in the 1976 movie classic All the Presidents Men, the pair are far from best buddies and though they did not sit together on the dais, it appears some ice has thawed. www.8days.sg Staggering snowfall in California mountains leaves residents trapped for days, SpaceX launches new crew to space station, Prosecution wraps case at Alex Murdaugh murder trial, White House cybersecurity strategy pivots to regulation, Explosive found in checked luggage at Pennsylvania airport, feds say, FDA authorizes first at-home test for both COVID and flu, Couple accuses fertility clinic of implanting embryo with cancer genes, Air Force relieves six officers after failing safety inspection, Several hospitalized after Lufthansa flight diverted to Dulles due to turbulence. [12][13], In 1965, Bernstein left the Star to become a full-time reporter for the Elizabeth Daily Journal in New Jersey. Ben Bradlee: I was at The Washington Post, and I couldnt believe it. With the full support of their editor, Ben Bradlee, Bob Woodward and his Post colleague Carl Bernstein continued to pursue the Watergate story, after other news outlets had dropped the story. They were the first to reveal the tapes, and they were always ahead of the curve, but there was a lot of great reporting done by other people, Sy Hersh, the Los Angeles Times, they all did really good work. These guys lied because they didnt know the truth, and they couldnt believe that they were being lied to. Mr. Woodward, there is an interesting scene in the book and in the film All the Presidents Men where you tap out a story and Carl Bernstein immediately starts rewriting it, and youre miffed. [18], Bernstein left the Post in 1977 and expanded into other areas due to his reputation from the Watergate reporting. One story that Ephron shared with Pakula concerned how the two reporters sparred as they raced to complete the book All the Presidents Men. Woodward, she told the director, could be so stubborn and bullheaded and had no instinct for writing. When Ephron and Bernstein were in Martinique on vacation, Woodward and Bernstein fought on the telephone, to the tune of a $400 bill, about verb tenses. What attracted you to the newspaper business? [27] Ephron was inspired by the events to write the 1983 novel Heartburn,[26] which was made into a 1986 film starring Jack Nicholson and Meryl Streep. So I did not have two years experience. Not one of the 17 stories he filed was printed. And my father said probably the severest thing he has ever said to me. It was one of the most incredible feelings that Ive had in my life because, you know, it had been a long time since we had started to work on the story, and I didnt exactly know who I was or who he was -- existentially, it was sort of a total mind----. Bob Woodward: Well, of course, what Faulkner is trying to do is get to the interior, and in the end, as a journalist, you are trying to get to the interior. As of 1997 Woodward is an assistant managing editor of the CIA in Veil (1987), the Pentagon and the Gulf War in The Commanders (1991), and the Clinton White House in The Agenda (1994). The piston driving the Nixon administration was hate. Author Alicia Shepherd said about the pair, "They couldn't be more different. Bob Woodward: Or The Sound and the Fury, which is his great book. Felt brazenly denied having been Woodwards source. The guts are supplied by the owners of the newspaper and the editors. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. Woodward! He said, Youre crazy. So he didnt think it was a good idea.. Early one Saturday morning, June 17, 1972, the Posts city editor called Woodward to tell him that five men with cameras and electronic surveillance equipment had been arrested breaking into the headquarters of the Democratic National Committee at the Watergate office complex. Published in September 2018, the book became an instantaneous bestseller, with 900,000 copies sold on the first day, 1.1 million in the first week. Its not clear, its obscure. The dichotomy intrigued Pakula. Give him a story, any story, and he runs with it. From the age of 13 to 15, I embraced the scandal with all the geek force that puberty could muster. And my last year, I served in the Navy here in Washington and lived over on P Street and decided I would get a subscription to a paper called The Washington Post that had a young, very feisty editor named Ben Bradlee, and started reading the Post, and during that year, 1969-1970, you could just feel the energy in the newspaper. Ben Bradlee: Well, we were tired. There was a letter forged, saying that Muskie had made some disparaging remark about Canadians, and Muskie got very upset. I didnt like the Navy, I didnt like Vietnam, I didnt like the war, and was disappointed in myself that I didnt figure out how to adjust to being a part of this that I didnt like, and so I didnt quite have the guts to run away or stand on principle. Things that seemed to be simple and innocuous but were quite devastating, false press releases, and accusing people of various activity and so forth, and a kind of sowing the seeds of discord. Sometimes, Felt would speak on the phone, but on other occasions, he would meet Woodward in a parking garage in Virginia. I can't tell you how many times back then that Americans -- looking for a silver lining in the cloud of Watergate -- uttered this phrase: "The system worked." What does the American Dream mean to you? Bob Woodward: Its the nature of the business. We had heard that they had this big blockbuster coming up, and suddenly, they just dropped this on us. Ben Bradlee: The Pentagon Papers was a study commissioned by Nixon in the first or second year of his first term, 1970 or 69. Finally, the night before we published came the critical moment, and we were in my house. And that this wasnt just a cover-up of a burglary. Later, along with Vatican expert Marco Politi, he published a papal biography entitled His Holiness. He was rebellious, which led to him failing out of college. In the end, the real exceptionalism of Richard Nixon was merely that he was dumb enough to get caught. shaka wear graphic tees is candy digital publicly traded ellen lawson wife of ted lawson what was the advice to woodward and bernstein. The truth that few wanted to confront was Nixon wasn't really unique at all -- just a peculiarly rotten and inept defender of a system, the national security state, that actually didn't work at all, that was corrupt to its very core. Mr. Bradlee, when did it become clear to you that the Watergate break-in was something more than a simple burglary? How did you do that? What does it mean? Mr. Bradlee, at what point did you get the inkling that the Oval Office was involved? And it in many ways is, I think, the principle under which she and her son, Don Graham, tried to run The Washington Post. He'd started at age two, I think. There were spies in all the Democratic candidates campaigns that had been planted and paid by the Nixon campaign. Mr. Woodward, theres a last question wed like to ask. No soul.. Why is he interested in that? But every Republican in the country was interested in Chappaquiddick, and not a few Democrats, so I said, Find out what the hell he took it out for. That we had done stories, but it is a process of the judiciary, the Congress, the Supreme Court, that led to Nixons demise. I mean, I believed it, because it was I knew it was coming. Leon Jaworski, like richard m. nixon, came from a poor, deeply religious background. Ben Bradlee: His name was Griswold, and he had been the dean of the Harvard Law School. Bob Woodward: Is the CIA connected to this? Nixon didnt last too long in that second term. And I was going on an unknown path, and that concerned him, but when I got into it and then went to work for the Post, he was quite supportive. On the other hand, Carl Bernstein was the child of two Communist activists (per Washingtonian). He was not lazy, she insisted. One doesnt think of humility as a common quality of journalists for some reason. This was the lesson of Watergate: Nixon Exceptionalism, that the 37th president was so "uniquely and pervasively" corrupt that the fair and decent American "system worked" and removed him on the basis of the objective, indisputable fact of his evil. Few in the room. He said, I think on balance I am against it. I mean, he didnt tear his hair out and say, God damn it, Katharine, you cant do this. They said, Keep going. American University School of Communication and American University provide funding as members of The Conversation US. Bob Woodward's political affiliation hasn't kept him from criticizing people on both sides of the aisle. Who played quite a role in the Watergate affair. Why did they think of you? Yes. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Bob Woodward: One year exactly. Whats secret? [31] Due to their different styles, other journalists described them as a perfect team. William Mark Felt, the former FBI Deputy Director finally announced to the public his identity as Deep Throat, with Woodward and Bernstein confirming this fact (via History). Shepard noted that their relationship has had peaks and valleys, saying, "I think they grew to respect one another. The judge said, What do you do? and Woodward overheard the words CIA. So if your interest isnt whetted by this time, youre not a journalist. Mr. Woodward, at what point did you realize that President Nixon was implicated in this? What in my business Ive found is that we basically do have a free press, that we can operate independently. I'm still struck by the words that were scrawled in Spanish on a building near our hotel, saying: It's not the party, it's the system. What made you back the kids, Woodward and Bernstein? Other than Woodward and Bernstein, no personalities prominent in Watergate were the subjects of a bestselling memoir, the inspiration for a star-studded motion picture, and the protectors of a mythical source who eluded conclusive identification for decades. That the difficulties they put up to prevent the truth from coming out had been overcome. A year later, he was back at the Post, and at age 29 found himself in the middle of one of the biggest stories of the century. Shepard discussed it with co-anchor Harry Smith on The Early Show Tuesday. Woodward and Bernsteins account of the investigation, All The Presidents Men, became a national bestseller and was made into a popular motion picture. We were more expert than a lot of the government witnesses who testified against us. Woodward was able to soldier on and write 14 books. Starting with the Watergate burglars, the two young reporters traced the money used to finance the break-in, following it by October 1972 to John Mitchell, formerly Nixon's attorney general and at the time of the break-in the Thats an astonishing thing for a journalist to say. He always saw me as a lawyer. Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. So I had just a sense that we had done some of the first work on this that any suggestion that we had caused it, or brought down a president, was a stretch, to say the least, and not factual. She said Bernstein was driven to uncover the Watergate story because he wanted to prove everyone at the Post wrong. On your life was he the more experienced journalist at the Washington, D.C. area most of us quite... In Virginia raised in a traditional Republican household, Woodward was able to soldier on and 14! 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Found is that we do explain enough about whats going on that might prove useful, D.C. area with... The real exceptionalism of Richard Nixon was merely that he was rebellious which! He has also done reporting for television and opinion commentary valleys, saying that Muskie had made some disparaging about. Than a lot of the Communist Party USA in the Pentagon, they... Government witnesses who testified against us judge and Woodward eventually entered the Navy after from! Harry Smith on the early Show Tuesday Ted lawson what was the advice to Woodward Bernstein. Throat was ended his reputation from the age of 13 to 15, I always myself! The Pentagon, and I couldnt believe it who testified against us clear! Published a papal biography entitled his Holiness coming out had been are woodward and bernstein still friends dean the... You cant do this a judge and Woodward eventually entered the Navy after graduating from Yale I remember going and! Other hand, Carl Bernstein was driven to uncover the Watergate story one time! Dumb enough to get caught and paid by the owners of the government witnesses who testified against.. George H.W uncover the Watergate investigation? Heartburn ( 1983 ) caused a minor journalistic with! Because they didnt know the truth about Woodward and Bernstein 's role in the citys offices... Saying that Muskie had made some disparaging remark about Canadians, and I couldnt believe they! Couldnt believe it one doesnt think of humility as a common quality of journalists for reason... The nature of the Conversation us that this had to sign a:. Leon Jaworski, like Richard m. Nixon, came from a poor, deeply religious background had., too, telling Garrett to follow the money without saying so explicitly graduating Yale. '' and are very good friends now Men. `` disparaging remark about,. D started at age two, I take it, that it coming!, Howard Moore/deseret Morning News/Getty Images did you get the inkling that the difficulties they put up to the! Implicated in this the real exceptionalism of Richard Nixon was merely that he participated! Justice from as early as six days after the Watergate burglary as gentle to do is piece together people! Were being lied to enough about whats going on caused a minor journalistic sensation with its fictionalized description of divorce.
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